According to the paper,
"observed surface solar radiation, as well as land and sea surface temperature spatio-temporal variations over the Euro-Mediterranean region are only reproduced when simulations include the realistic aerosol variations" which the authors state are "however hardly reproduced by global and regional climate models""Global brightening" is a well-known global phenomenon which may partially be due to clean air laws reducing sulfate and black carbon aerosols, as well as natural changes in cloud cover. "Global brightening" and "global dimming" show high correlation with global temperatures, yet as this paper notes are "hardly reproduced" by climate models. Another of many highly important variables including ocean oscillations, solar amplification mechanisms, convection, clouds, etc., etc. which climate models do not adequately simulate.
Note: Sulfur dioxide is an actual air pollutant, unlike harmless, essential, & beneficial carbon dioxide, despite the widespread scaremongering propaganda labelling CO2 as "carbon pollution"
Contribution of anthropogenic sulfate aerosols to the changing Euro-Mediterranean climate since 1980
Pierre Nabat et al
Since the 1980s anthropogenic aerosols have been considerably reduced in Europe and the Mediterranean area. This decrease is often considered as the likely cause of the brightening effect observed over the same period. This phenomenon is however hardly reproduced by global and regional climate models. Here we use an original approach based on reanalysis-driven coupled regional climate system modelling, to show that aerosol changes explain 81 ± 16 per cent of the brightening and 23 ± 5 per cent of the surface warming simulated for the period 1980–2012 over Europe. The direct aerosol effect is found to dominate in the magnitude of the simulated brightening. The comparison between regional simulations and homogenized ground-based observations reveals that observed surface solar radiation, as well as land and sea surface temperature spatio-temporal variations over the Euro-Mediterranean region are only reproduced when simulations include the realistic aerosol variations.
This may have more to do with major volcanoes than emissions regs., though I'd says they are on the right track.
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About 1.8 W/m2 extra incoming SW made it down to lower climate system as a long term effect of Mt Pinatubo.
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The implication of the previous graph is that El Chichon had a similar effect.
Since this effect has not been noted and is not in the models, the changes it produces will be incorrectly attributed to AGW.
Assuming the magnitude of El Chichon was similar to that of Mt P ( as suggested by the drops in TLS ) that makes about 3.6 W/m2
That is comparable to current IPCC estimations of x2 CO2. forcing.
The cumulative integral, zeroed on pre-eruption average, shows an abrupt change started shortly after Mt P eruption and ran to the end of the data.
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derivation here:
http://climategrog.wordpress.com/?attachment_id=884
It is quite likely that the reanalysis study is just averaging out these effects over 20 y and has not noted the direct correspondence to the two major events in that period.
The considerable variability and general climate 'noise' in surface records, tends to mask what the cause is. The much calmer stratosphere variability makes the attribution very clear.
to quantify the effect, a similar method shows Mt P. caused about 1.8 W/m2 change in incoming SW.
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Estimating from the TLS data in that article, that El Chichon was of similar magnitude that makes about 3.5 W/m2. That is about the same as the current IPCC estimation for the radiative effect of CO2 doubling.
Thanks for your interesting comments
DeleteI continue to believe TOA radiative imbalances have little effect on surface temperatures, however, since convection dominates over radiation as the primary heat transfer mechanism in the troposphere and can easily compensate for surface warming or radiative imbalances at the TOA
Did you read the links? In particular this one, which is a detailed look at the data and the tropical climate reaction to a major radiative change:
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What it shows is that volcanic forcing is a lot stronger than the values currently used. The corollary of this is that (tropical) climate is a lot less sensitive to radiation imbalance.
A key point is, the extra incoming is SW. This will penetrate directly into sub-surface waters and largely bypass the evaporative feedbacks at the surface.
Extra-tropical climate does not have such strong feedbacks. As I discussed in that article, part of that extra energy into the tropics will be communicated to neighbouring regions by the ocean gyres.
A very similar effect to the TLS changes can be found in SH SST.
http://climategrog.wordpress.com/?attachment_id=988
There's more climate "noise" in the surface data and the oceans take a few years to respond but overlaying the two seems to show the same process affecting both.
Incident IR only heats the surface skin of the ocean and so very rapidly is lost to evaporation. The same is not true of SW. What I have demonstrated is about 1.8W/m2 of extra SW after Mt.P and presumably as much for El Chichon.
This ties in with the french study you picked up too.
They are basically saying the same thing but attribute the changes to emission controls.
I have clearly shown it correlated to the volcanic events.
What probably happened is that the natural processes that flushed out the volcanic aerosols ended up scrubbing a lot of anthropogenic pollution too.
Emission regulations probably helped avoid it building back up again.
Interesting analysis
DeleteWhy would solar shortwave increase after volcanic eruptions?